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976 Leopold of Babenberg was appointed as Margrave
of Austria. The Babenberg
family was to rule Austria until 1246.
''
976 Leopold of Babenberg was appointed as Margrave
of Austria. The Babenberg
family was to rule Austria until 1246.
''
996 Emperor Otto III
issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, which is the oldest known document using the name ''Ostarrîchi'' (Austria in Old High German).
1156 The Privilegium Minus elevates Austria to the status of a duchy ruled by the Babenburgs family.
1246 With the death of Duke Frederick II, the Babenberg
dynasty ends in Austria
1278 Kings Rudolph I of Germany
and Ladislaus IV of Hungary
defeat King Otakar II of Bohemia in the Battle of Marchfield, a match of over 80,000 men and the largest battle of knight
s in the Middle Ages. The battle ends a power struggle between Rudolph and Otakar over the fate of central Europe
, and Rudolph's Habsburg
family will continue to rule Austria and other captured territories until the end of World War I
in 1918.
1282 Holy Roman Emperor
Rudolph I of Germany
invests his sons Albert I of Germany
and Rudolph II of Austria as co-rulers of the duchies of Austria and Styria, thus founding the Habsburg
dynasty in those territories.
1283 The young Duke Rudolph II of Austria is forced to yield his claim on the Duchies of Austria and Styria to his elder brother, Albert I of Germany
, under the Treaty of Rheinfelden.
1335 Carinthia and Carniola come under Habsburg
rule. After the death of Duke Henry, the duchies are bestowed by Louis the Bavarian
on the dukes of Austria. From that time onwards, what is today Slovenia
was ruled jointly with Austria until 1918.
1335 Carinthia and Carniola come under Habsburg
rule. After the death of Duke Henry, the duchies are bestowed by Louis the Bavarian
on the dukes of Austria. From that time onwards, what is today Slovenia
was ruled jointly with Austria until 1918.
1335 Otto the Merry, Duke of Austria, becomes Duke of Carinthia on May 2
1379 Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Habsburg
lands between the Habsburg
Dukes Albert III and Leopold III
1395 Albert IV becomes archduke of Austria.
1485 Matthias of Hungary
takes Vienna
in his conquest of Austria (from Frederick III
) and makes the city his capital
.
1606 The Treaty of Zsitva-Torok ends the Long War between the Habsburgs and the Ottomans in Hungary
. The independence of Transylvania
is recognized by both sides and Austria's annual tribute to the Ottoman Empire
is abolished.
1616 War between Venice
and Austria
1683 A 140,000-man Ottoman
force arrives at Vienna
in June and starts to besiege the city. The siege is broken in at the Battle of Vienna on September 12 with the arrival of a force of 30,000 Polish
, Austrians and German
s under Polish-Lithuanian king Jan III Sobieski, whose cavalry turns their flank. Considered to be the turning point in the Ottoman Empire
's fortunes.
1688 Austria occupies Belgrade
.
1688 The Austrians
incite a rebellion against the Ottomans in Bulgaria
.
1706 The Battle of Turin in the War of Spanish Succession - forces of Austria and Savoy
defeat the French
1709 Battle of Malplaquet - Great Britain
, Netherlands
and Austria defeat France
1716 In the Battle of Peterwardein 40.000 Austrian troops of Prince Eugene of Savoy
defeat 150,000 Ottoman Turks
under Darnad Ali Pasha
1718 Austria, Great Britain
, and France
declare war on Spain
, launching the War of the Quadruple Alliance.
1742 Frederick the Great's army defeats Austrians in Chotusitz; later Austria cedes Silesia
to Prussia
1743 Treaty of Worms (1743) - a treaty between Great Britain
, Austria and Sardinia
1745 Frederick the Great destroys Austrian army at Hohenfriedberg
1763 the Treaty of Hubertusburg puts an end to the Seven Years' War
between Prussia
and Austria and their allies
1772 First partition of Poland
, by Russia
and Prussia
, later including Austria
1775 Austria forces the Ottoman Empire
to cede Bukovina
1776 Austria abolishes death penalty and torture
and decriminalizes witchcraft
1779 War of Bavarian Succession: Russia
n and French
mediators at the Congress of Teschen negotiate an end to the war. In the agreement Austria receives a part of its territory that was taken from them (the Innviertel).
1793 French
troops are defeated by Austrian forces and Liège
is recaptured
1794 Battle of Fleurus between French
forces and those Austria.
1794 Battle of the Vosges between French
forces and those of Prussia
and Austria
1794 Battle of Aldenhoven between French
forces and those Austria.
1796 First Coalition
: Gen. Napoleon Bonaparte wins a decisive victory against Austrian forces at Lodi bridge over the River Adda in Italy
. The Austrians lose some 2,000 men.
1796 French Revolutionary Wars
: Battle of Bassano - French
forces defeat Austrian troops at Bassano.
1796 French Revolutionary Wars
: Battle of Arcole - French
forces defeat the Austrians in Italy
.
1800 Battle of Marengo, Napoleon defeats the Austrian troops near Marengo, Italy.
1801 The Treaty of Lunéville ends the war (Second Coalition) between France
and Austria.
1809 Battle of Raszyn between armies of Austria (attackers) and Duchy of Warsaw (defenders) as a part of struggles of the Fifth Coalition (1809). The Austrian army was defeated.
1812 the Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch, the Austrian
civil code enters into force in the Austrian Empire
.
1814 Occupation of Monaco
changes from French
to Austrian hands.
1815 Austria, Prussia
and Russia
sign a Holy Alliance to uphold the European status quo.
1815 Austria, Britain
, and Bourbon-restored France
form a secret defensive alliance treaty against Prussia
and Russia
.
1818 The first performance of "Silent Night" (Church of St. Nikolaus in Oberndorf, Austria).
1831 Revolts in Modena, Parma and the Papal States
are put down by Austrian troops.
1835 Ferdinand
becomes Emperor of Austria.
1840 Austria, Britain
, Prussia
, and Russia
sign a London Treaty with the Sublime Porte, ruler of the Ottoman Empire
.
1848 Ferdinand I
, Emperor
of Austria, abdicates in favor of his nephew, Franz Josef I.
1849 In Milan
, anti-Austrian activists organize a smoking boycott in protest of the Austrian monopoly
on tobacco
. Protests erupts into brief riots.
1849 Hungary
declares independence - Austria crushes the rebellion with Russia
n aid.
1849 Venice
surrenders to Austrian troops after a 4-month siege
1859 Austrian troops begin to cross the Ticino River to Piedmont
1859 Sardinia
ns defeat the Austrian army at Battle of Palestro
1859 Armistice
between Austria and others
1859 Austrian Emperor Franz Joseph
, faced with an expensive war against France and the Kingdom of Sardinia
and potential revolution in Hungary
, meets Napoleon III, who also worries at the costs of extending the war and fears the effects of Italian nationalism, at Villafranca. By the preliminary treaty signed there, hostilities cease. Lombardy is ceded to the French (who immediately cede it to Sardinia), while the Austrians keep Venetia and the French promise to restore the Central Italian rulers expelled in the course of the war. This brings the Austro-Sardinian War effectively to a close.
1860 Austria, Britain
, France
, Prussia
and the Ottoman Empire
form a commission to investigate causes of clashes between Maronites and Druze
s in Lebanon
earlier in the year.
1864 Second war of Schleswig
concluded. Denmark
renounces all claim to Schleswig
, Holstein and Lauenburg, which come under Prussia | 
Timeline
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