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1346 Battle of Crécy, after which Edward the Black Prince honoured the bravery of John I, Count of Luxemburg and King of Bohemia
(also known as John the Blind), who was killed in the fighting, by adopting his arms and motto: "Ich Dien" or "I Serve"
In addition to the victory at Crécy, the English
armies have an annus mirabilis, with further victories over the French
at Caen
and near Calais, over Scotland
at the Battle of Neville's Cross and the Bretons at the Battle of St Pol de Leon during the Hundred Years' War
.
1360 The Treaty of Brétigny is ratified at Calais, marking the end of the first phase of the Hundred Years' War
. Under its terms, Edward III gives up his claim to the French thrown and King John II of France
is released in return for French land, including Calais & Gascony
.
1360 The Treaty of Brétigny is ratified at Calais, marking the end of the first phase of the Hundred Years' War
. Under its terms, Edward III gives up his claim to the French thrown and King John II of France
is released in return for French land, including Calais & Gascony
.
1453 The French
recapture of Bordeaux
brings the Hundred Years' War
to a close, with the English retaining only Calais on French
soil.
1459 Due to the advance of a royal force on his fortress of Ludlow, The Duke of York flees to Ireland, while his ally Warwick goes to Calais.
1558 French troops led by Francis, Duke of Guise
take Calais, the last continental possession of the Kingdom of England
1559 Peace of Cateau Cambrésis - France makes peace with England and Spain. France gives up most of its gains in Italy (including Savoy
), keeping only Saluzzo, but keeps the three Lorraine bishoprics of Metz
, Toul, and Verdun, and the formerly English town of Calais.
1596 Spanish troops capture Calais
1785 Frenchman
Jean-Pierre Blanchard
and America
n John Jeffries travel from Dover, England
to Calais, France
in a hydrogen gas balloon
, becoming the first to cross the English Channel
by air.
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Timeline
