Caliph: Timeline

632   Abu Bakr Abu Bakr

Abu Bakr... 

 becomes first caliph.

634   Umar ibn al-Khattab  succeeds Abu Bakr as Sunni Caliph.

636   City of Basra Iraq Iraq

The Republic of Iraq, is a Middle East [i]ern country [i] in southwestern Asia [i] encomp ... 

 founded on a canal by caliph Omar.

656   Ali succeeds Uthman as Caliph

657   Ali Ben Abu Talib fights Muawiyah over the Caliphate of Islam Islam

Islam is a monotheistic [i] religion [i] based upon the Qur'an [i], which adherents believe w ... 

 and captures Anbar Anbar

Anbar is a town in Iraq [i], at lat. ... 

, Battle of Siffin.

661   Caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib is assassinated. He is succeeded by Hasan ibn Ali Hasan ibn Ali

Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abu Talib‎ was the son of Ali ibn Abu Talib [i] and Fatima Zahra [i], and the firs ... 

 as the Shia Imam and Muawiyah I Muawiyah I

Muawiyah I, Mu?awiyya ibn Abi-Sufyan(602 [i] - May 6 [i], 680 [i]) was the founder of the Umayyad [i] ... 

 as the Sunni Caliph.

680   Umayyad caliph Muawiyah I Muawiyah I

Muawiyah I, Mu?awiyya ibn Abi-Sufyan(602 [i] - May 6 [i], 680 [i]) was the founder of the Umayyad [i] ... 

 succeeded by Yazid I Yazid I

Yazid Ibn Muawiyah Ibn Abu Sufyan [i] was the sixth Muslim [i] Caliph [i] and t ... 

 ibn Muawiyah

715   Umayyad caliph al-Walid I ibn Abd al-Malik Al-Walid I

Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik or Al-Walid I was an Umayyad [i] caliph [i] who ruled from 705 [i] - 715 [i] ... 

 succeeded by Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik

742   After a forty-year vacancy, Stephen becomes Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch at the suggestion of Umayyad caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik

Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik was an Umayyad [i] caliph [i] who ruled from 723 [i] until his death in 743 [i]. ... 

.

775   Al-Mahdi becomes the third Abbasid Abbasid

Abbasid is the dynastic name generally given to the caliph [i] of Baghdad [i], the second of the two gr ... 

 Caliph.

921   Embassy of Ahmad ibn Fadlan from Baghdad Baghdad

Baghdad is the capital [i] of Iraq [i] and of Baghdad Governorate [i]. ... 

 to the king of the Volga Bulgars on behalf of the Abbasid Abbasid

Abbasid is the dynastic name generally given to the caliph [i] of Baghdad [i], the second of the two gr ... 

 Caliph al-Muqtadir

945   Buwayhid dynasty takes control of Baghdad Baghdad

Baghdad is the capital [i] of Iraq [i] and of Baghdad Governorate [i]. ... 

. (It does not supplant the local caliphate Caliph

Caliph is the title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah [i], or community of Islam [i]. ... 

.)

975   Al-Aziz becomes Fatimid Fatimid

The Fatimids, Fatimid Caliphate or al-Fatimiyyun is the Shia [i] dynasty that ruled over v ... 

 Caliph

996   Abu Mansoor Nizar al-Aziz Billah, fifth Fatimid Fatimid

The Fatimids, Fatimid Caliphate or al-Fatimiyyun is the Shia [i] dynasty that ruled over v ... 

 Caliph in Egypt dies and is succeeded by his son Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah

Tariqu l-?akim, called bi Amr al-Lah, was the sixth Fatimid [i] Caliph [i] in Egypt [i], ruling from ... 

.

1012   Sulayman is restored as Umayyad caliph of Cordoba, succeeding Hisham II Hisham II

Hisham II was the third Caliph of Cordoba [i], of the Umayyad dynasty. ... 

.

1012   Fatimid Fatimid

The Fatimids, Fatimid Caliphate or al-Fatimiyyun is the Shia [i] dynasty that ruled over v ... 

 Caliph al-Hakim Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah

Tariqu l-?akim, called bi Amr al-Lah, was the sixth Fatimid [i] Caliph [i] in Egypt [i], ruling from ... 

 orders the destruction of all Jew Jew

Jews are followers of Judaism [i] or, more generally, members of the Jewish people , an ethno [i] ... 

ish and Christian Christianity

Christianity is a monotheistic [i] religion [i] centered on Jesus of Nazareth [i] ... 

 places of worship.

1017   Hamza ibn-'Ali ibn-Ahmad publicly declares Fatimid Fatimid

The Fatimids, Fatimid Caliphate or al-Fatimiyyun is the Shia [i] dynasty that ruled over v ... 

 Caliph Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah

Tariqu l-?akim, called bi Amr al-Lah, was the sixth Fatimid [i] Caliph [i] in Egypt [i], ruling from ... 

  to be God, founding the Druze Druze

The Druze are a distinct religious community based mostly in the Middle East [i] who are an offshoot of ... 

 religion.

1023   Abd ar-Rahman V proclaimed Caliph at Córdoba

1118   Al-Mustarshid becomes Abbasid Abbasid

Abbasid is the dynastic name generally given to the caliph [i] of Baghdad [i], the second of the two gr ... 

 caliph.

1261   Baibars Baibars

al-Malik al-Zahir Rukn al-Din Baibars al-Bunduqdari ... 

 establishes a puppet Caliphate Caliph

Caliph is the title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah [i], or community of Islam [i]. ... 

 in Cairo Cairo

Cairo translated the "land of Ra'" It comes from two Coptic words "Kahi" ... 

.

1269   The Almohad Almohad

The Almohad Dynasty were a Berber [i] Muslim religious [i] power which founded the fifth Moorish [i] ... 

 dynasty of caliphs (not universally accepted) that once ruled most of North Africa North Africa

North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost [i] region [i] of the Africa [i]n continent [i] ... 

 and Al-Andalus Al-Andalus

Al-Andalus was the Arabic name given to those parts of the Iberian Peninsula [i] governed by Muslims fro ... 

 (Moorish Moors

The Moors were the medieval Muslim [i] inhabitants of al-Andalus [i] and the Maghreb [i] and western Africa [i] ... 

 Spain Spain

Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a Europe [i]an parliamentary monarchy [i]. ... 

) is extinguished when Idris II is murdered in the dynasty's last remaining possession, Marrakesh.

1377   Muhammad al-Mutawakkil I is briefly deposed this year as Abbasid Abbasid

Abbasid is the dynastic name generally given to the caliph [i] of Baghdad [i], the second of the two gr ... 

 puppet caliph of the Mamluks, Zakariyya' al-Mu'tasim taking the throne for that period.

1517   Selim I Selim I

Selim I; also known as "the Grim" or "the Brave", was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire [i] from 1512 to ... 

, Sultan Sultan

For information on the racehorse, see Sultan [i] ... 

 of the Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire , is also sometimes known in the West [i] as the Turkish Empire. ... 

, conquers Palestine and Egypt Egypt

[i] country in [[North Africa]... 

 and declares himself Caliph.

1922   Abdul Mejid II, Crown Prince Crown Prince

A Crown Prince or Crown Princess is the heir or heiress apparent [i] to the throne [i] ... 

 of the Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire , is also sometimes known in the West [i] as the Turkish Empire. ... 

 is elected Caliph.

1924   The 1400-year-old Islamic caliphate is abolished when Caliph Abdul Mejid II of the Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire , is also sometimes known in the West [i] as the Turkish Empire. ... 

 is deposed. The last remnant of the old regime gives way to the reformed Turkey Turkey

Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey, is a Eurasia [i]n country that stretches across the Anatolia [i] ... 

 of President Kemal Atatürk.

1924   The 1400-year-old Islamic caliphate is abolished when Caliph Abdul Mejid II of the Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire , is also sometimes known in the West [i] as the Turkish Empire. ... 

 is deposed. The last remnant of the old regime gives way to the reformed Turkey Turkey

Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey, is a Eurasia [i]n country that stretches across the Anatolia [i] ... 

 of President Kemal Atatürk.