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100 Teotihuacan
at the center of Mexico reaches a population of 50,000.
303 In Mexico the civilization of Teotihuacan
flourishes.
1258 One of the largest volcanic eruptions of the Holocene epoch occurs, possibly from a tropical location such as El Chichón, Mexico or Quilotoa, Ecuador. [Emile-Geay, J., Seager, R., Cane, M., Cook, E., Haug, G.H.,
]
1289 The 5,452 meter (17,887 feet) high volcano
Popocatépetl is first ascended by members of the Tecuanipas tribe in present-day Mexico.
1519 Hernán Cortés
lands in Mexico.
1596 Diego de Montemayor founded the city of Monterrey, Mexico.
1709 The City of Chihuahua, México
is founded.
1793 Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Pacific Ocean
becoming the first Euro-American to complete a transcontinental crossing north of Mexico
1807 Former U.S.
Vice President
Aaron Burr
is acquitted of treason
. He had been accused of plotting to annex parts of Louisiana
and Mexico to become part of an independent republi
1810 ''Dieciséis de septiembre'', the Mexican War of Independence of the Republic
of Mexico.
1821 Mexico gains its independence from Spain
. (See Mexican War of Independence.)
1835 Texas Revolution
begins: Battle of Gonzales - Mexican
soldiers attempt to disarm the people of Gonzales, Texas but encounter stiff resistance from a hastily assembled militia.
1836 A Convention of delegates from 57 Texas
communities convenes in Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas, to deliberate independence from Mexico.
1836 Declaration of independence
of the Republic of Texas
from Mexico.
1836 Texas Revolution
: A day after the Battle of San Jacinto forces under Texas
General
Sam Houston
capture Mexican
General
Antonio López de Santa Anna.
1836 Spain
recognizes independence of Mexico.
1838 Pastry War: Mexico invaded by French forces
1838 Yucatan
declares independence from Mexico
1842 Mexican
troops led by Rafael Vasquez invade Texas
briefly occupy San Antonio and then head back to the Rio Grande. This is the first such invasion since the Texas Revolution
.
1845 Second separation of Republic of Yucatan
from Mexico
1846 Mexican-American War: The Battle of Palo Alto - Zachary Taylor
defeats a Mexican
force north of the Rio Grande at Palo Alto, Texas in the first major battle of the war.
1846 Mexican-American War: The United States
declares war on Mexico.
1846 Mexican-American War: The California Republic declares independence from Mexico.
1846 Bear Flag Revolt begins - American
settlers in Sonoma, California start a rebellion against Mexico and proclaim the California Republic.
1847 Mexican-American War: The Battle of Buena Vista - 5,000 American
troops under General Zachary Taylor
use their superiority in artillery
to drive off 15,000 Mexican
troops under Antonio López de Santa Anna defeating the Mexicans the next day.
1847 Mexican-American War: United States
forces under General Winfield Scott
invade Mexico near Veracruz.
1847 US troops defeat Mexican troops in Valencia, Mexico
1848 Independent Republic of Yucatán
joins Mexico in exchange for Mexican help in suppressing revolt by the indigenous Maya population.
1848 The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
, ending the Mexican-American War, is ratified by the Mexico. (cf. February 2, above.)
1848 Yucatán
officially united with Mexico.
1852 In Mexico, French settlers under Count Gaston Raousset-Boulbon occupy the city of Hermosillo and declare the Republic of Sonora
. The attempt falters when the count contracts dysentery
1853 Gadsden Purchase: The United States
buys land from Mexico to facilitate railroad building in the Southwest
1854 Mexican
troops force William Walker and his troops to retreat to Sonora
.
1854 In the battle of Guaymas, Mexico, General
Jose Maria Yanez stops the French
invasion led by Count Gaston de Raousset Boulbon.
1861 Benito Juárez
formally elected president of Mexico; he temporarily stops the payments of foreign debt
1862 Battle of Puebla, Mexican
General Ignacio Zaragoza defeats the French
Army; commemorated as the Cinco de Mayo.
1863 the Battle of Camarón in Mexico - 65 soldiers of the French Foreign Legion
fight 2000 Mexicans - three of them survive the battle.
1863 After a two-month siege, the French army of Bazaine takes Puebla Mexico.
1867 Benito Juárez
becomes Mexican
president again
1873 In Mexico, Veracruz to Mexico City
railroad completed.
1876 Porfirio Díaz
becomes President of Mexico.
1880 Mexican
soldiers kill Victorio, one of the greatest Apache military strategists.
1887 Earthquake
in Sonora
, Mexico
1901 Independent Maya of Eastern Yucatán
surrender to Mexico
1913 Mexican Revolution
- Pancho Villa
returns to Mexico from his self-imposed exile in USA
1914 Mexican Revolution
- Pancho Villa
's troops take Ojinaga in the Mexican
state of Chihuahua
1914 3000 US marines land in Vera Cruz, Mexico.
1915 U.S.
recognizes government of President Venustiano Carranza
of Mexico.
1915 US recognizes Mexican
government of Venustiano Carranza
''de facto
'' (not ''de jure'' until 1917)
1916 President
Woodrow Wilson
sends 12,000 United States
troops over the U.S.-Mexico border border to pursue Pancho Villa
; 13th Cavalry regiment enters Mexican
territory.
1917 The constitution of Mexico is adopted.
1917 Mexican Revolution
- Venustiano Carranza
elected president of Mexico - USA gives recognition of his government ''de jure''
1920 Presidential elections begin in Mexico
1927 Cristero War erupts in Mexico when pro-Church
rebels attack secular-minded government
1928 Mexican
aviator Emilio Carranza dies in a solo plane crash in the New Jersey Pine Barrens while returning from a goodwill flight to New York City
.
1928 José de León Toral assassinates Álvaro Obregón
, president of Mexico.
1929 Revolt attempt of Generals José Gonzalo Escobar and Jesús María Aguirre fails in Mexico.
1929 Agreement brokered by US ambassador Dwight Whitney Morrow ends the Cristero War in Mexico. In June 27, church bells ring for the first time in years
1933 Tornado
destroys the town of Tampico in Mexico.
1938 Mexico nationalizes all foreign-owned oil
properties within its borders.
1940 Leon Trotsky
assassinated in Mexico by Ramón Mercader, a Soviet agent, with an ice axe
1942 World War II
: Mexico declares war on Germany, Italy and Japan.
1956 Fidel Castro
and Che Guevara
depart from Tuxpan, Mexico enroute to Santiago de Cuba aboard the yacht ''Granma'' with 82 men. After the ship passes a storm, it lands at Belici, Cuba
, on December 2
1967 In Mexico, schoolteacher Lucio Cabañas begins a guerrilla
campaign in Atoyac de Alvarez, west of Acapulco, in the state of Guerrero.
1968 A student demonstration ends in a massacre at La Plaza de las Tres Culturas in Tlatelolco, Mexico City
, Mexico, ten days before the inauguration of the 1968 Summer Olympics.
1968 The Games of the XIX Olympiad in Mexico City
, Mexico begin.
The games conclude October 27th.
1972 A train crash in Saltillo, Mexico kills 208.
1986 The Football World Cup 1986 is held in Mexico.
1988 Hurricane Gilbert devastates Jamaica
; it turns towards Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula 2 days later, causing an estimated $5 billion in damage.
1991 A total Solar Eclipse
is seen in(Hawaii
, Mexico, Central America
, Colombia
and Brazil
).
1992 Fuel that has leaked into a sewer explodes in Guadalajara, Mexico; 215 are killed, 1500 injured.
1994 At an election rally in Tijuana, Mexican
presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio is assassinated. Mario Aburto Martinez is arrested for the crime and confesses on the same day.
1994 A planned exchange rate correction of the Mexican Peso to the US
Dollar
, becomes a massive financial meltdown in Mexico, unleashing the 'Tequila' effect on global financial markets. This will prompt a US$ 50 billion 'bailout' by the Clinton
administration.
1995 United States
President Bill Clinton
invokes emergency powers to extend a $20 billion loan to help Mexico avert financial collapse.
2000 Vicente Fox is elected President of Mexico, as candidate of the rightist PAN (National Action Party).
2003 The last old-style Volkswagen Beetle
rolls off its production line in Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
2004 Mexico and Japan
finish two year long negotiations and sign a Free Trade Agreement in Mexico City.
2005 Hurricane Stan hits Mexico and Central America
, killing over 1,620 people.
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Timeline
