Papal bull: Timeline

1187   Pope Gregory VIII Pope Gregory VIII

English name=Gregory VIII| image= ... 

 issues the bull Papal bull

A Papal bull is a special kind of patent [i] or charter issued by a pope [i] and named fo ... 

 ''Audita tremendi'', proposing the Third Crusade Third Crusade

The Third Crusade was an attempt by European [i] leaders to reconquer the Holy Land [i] from Saladin [i] ... 

.

1252   Pope Innocent IV Pope Innocent IV

Pope Innocent IV , born Sinibaldo de Fieschi, Pope [i] from 1243 [i] to 1254 [i], belonged to the ... 

 issues the papal bull ''Ad exstirpanda'', which authorizes the torture Torture

Torture is any act by which severe pain, whether physical or psychological [i], is intentiona ... 

 of heretics in the Medieval Inquisition. Torture quickly gains widespread usage across Catholic Catholicism

As a Christian [i] ecclesiastical [i] term, Catholic - from the Greek [i] adje ... 

 Europe Europe

Europe is one of the seven traditional continent [i]s of the Earth [i]. ... 

.

1256   Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae'' constituting the Augustinian monastic order at Lecceto Monastery.

1262   King Henry III of England Henry III of England

Henry III was crowned King of England in 1216, despite being less than ten years of age.... 

 obtains a papal bull releasing him from the Provisions of Oxford, preceding the Second Barons' War Second Barons' War

The Second Barons' War was a civil war [i] in England [i] between the forces of a number of rebellious baron [i] ... 

, a civil war started in 1263.

1265   Correspondence from Pope Clement IV Pope Clement IV

Pope Clement IV , born Gui Faucoi le Gros , was elected Pope [i] February 5 [i], 1265 [i], in a conclave [i] ... 

 contains the first known mention of the ring of the Fisherman, an item of papal regalia then used to seal personal correspondence from the pope and later for papal bulls.

1289   Pope Nicholas IV Pope Nicholas IV

Pope Nicholas IV , born Girolamo Masci, was Pope [i] from February 22 [i], 1288 [i] to April 4, 1292 [i]... 

 formally constitutes the University of Montpellier in France France

France, officially the French Republic, is a country [i] whose metropolitan territory [i] ... 

 by papal bull, combining various existing schools under the mantle of a single university University

[i], which grants [[academic degree]... 

.

1291   Pope Nicholas IV Pope Nicholas IV

Pope Nicholas IV , born Girolamo Masci, was Pope [i] from February 22 [i], 1288 [i] to April 4, 1292 [i]... 

 confirms the independence of San Marino San Marino

The Most Serene Republic [i] of San Marino is the third smallest nation in Europe . ... 

 via papal bull.

1302   Boniface VIII publishes the bull Papal bull

A Papal bull is a special kind of patent [i] or charter issued by a pope [i] and named fo ... 

 ''Unam Sanctam''

1348   Papal bull of Pope Clement VI Pope Clement VI

Pope Clement VI , born Pierre Roger, the fourth of the Avignon Popes [i], was elect ... 

 protecting Jews Anti-Semitism

Anti-Semitism is hostility toward or prejudice [i] against Jew [i]s as a religious, ethnic, or racial g ... 

 against popular aggressivity during the Black Death epidemi

1349   Pope Clement VI Pope Clement VI

Pope Clement VI , born Pierre Roger, the fourth of the Avignon Popes [i], was elect ... 

 publishes a papal bull that condemns the Flagellants.

1377   Pope Gregory XI Pope Gregory XI

Pope Gregory XI , born Pierre Roger de Beaufort, Pope [i] from 1370 [i] to 1378 [i], born in Rosiers-d'gletons [i]... 

 issues five Bulls Papal bull

A Papal bull is a special kind of patent [i] or charter issued by a pope [i] and named fo ... 

 in which the opinions of John Wycliffe John Wycliffe

John Wycliffe was an English [i] theologian [i] and early proponent of reform in the Roman Catholic Church [i] ... 

 are condemned.

1413   The University of St Andrews is chartered by papal bull.

1503   James IV of Scotland James IV of Scotland

James IV was King of Scots [i] from 1488 to 1513. ... 

 and Margaret Tudor Margaret Tudor

Margaret Tudor was the eldest of the two daughters of Henry VII of England [i] and Elizabeth of York [i] ... 

 are married by Pope Alexander VI Pope Alexander VI

Pope Alexander VI , born Rodrigo Borja , , is the most controversial of the secular [i] ... 

 according to Papal Bull.

1521   Pope Leo X Pope Leo X

Pope Leo X, born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici was Pope from 1513 to his death.... 

 excommunicates Martin Luther Martin Luther

Martin Luther was a German [i] monk [i], priest [i], professor [i], theologian [i] ... 

 in the papal bull ''Decet Romanum Pontificem''.