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388 Paternus becomes bishop of the Episcopal see of Braga (in modern Portugal).
409 The Vandals
, Alans
and Suevi break through Constantine III
's garrisons into Hispania
. They share the Iberian Peninsula
by drawing lots, with the Vandals getting Hispania Baetica (modern Andalusia
), the Suevi Gallaecia
(modern Galicia and northern Portugal) and the Alans Lusitania
(the rest of modern Portugal and Spanish
Extremadura
).
411 The Alans
establish their rule in the Roman
province
of Lusitania
(modern Portugal south of the Douro River and Spanish
Extremadura
).
428 Hydatius
becomes bishop
of ''Aquae Flaviae'' in Gallaecia
(modern Chaves in Portugal).
693 The Portuguese
sity of Viseu was taken from the Romans by the Moors
=
718 Pelayo defeats the Arabs at Covadonga and establishes the Kingdom of Asturias
in the Iberian peninsula
(modern day Portugal and Spain
) in a victory that was later considered to be the beginning of the Reconquista
.
868 Establishment of the First County of Portugal, by Vímara Peres, after the reconquest from the Moors of the region north of the Douro river.
953 Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal appears, for the first time, as a Portuguese town under the name Villa Euracini.
1065 Independence of the kingdom of Galicia and Portugal under the rule of Garcia
''
1093 Henry of Burgundy become Count of Portugal
1095 The country of Portugal is established for the second time.
1112 Afonso I
becomes Count of Portugal
1128 King Afonso I of Portugal
, then Count of Portugal defeats his mother, Teresa of Leon, in battle and gains control of the county.
1139 July 26, '''Independence of Portugal''' from the Kingdom of León
and Castile
declared after the Battle of Ourique against the Almoravides lead by Ali ibn Yusuf: '''Prince Afonso Henriques''' becomes '''Afonso I, King of Portugal
''', after assembling the first assembly of the estates-general of Portugal at Lamego, where he was given the Crown from the Bishop
of Bragança, to confirm the independen
1143 Portugal is recognized by the Kingdom of Leon
as an independent kingdom although it had acted like one since the battle of June 24 of 1128 (Battle of São Mamede)
1179 Afonso I
is recognized as the true King of Portugal by Pope Alexander III
, bringing Portugal the protection of the Catholic Church
against the Castilian
monarchy.
1250 King Afonso III of Portugal
captures the Algarve from the Moors, thus completing the expulsion of the Moors from Portugal.
1254 King Afonso III of Portugal
holds the first session of the ''Cortes'' (Portugal's general assembly composed of nobles, members of the middle class, and representatives from all municipalities) in Leiria.
1255 The Portuguese
capital is moved to Lisbon
.
1267 King Afonso III of Portugal
and King Alfonso X of Castile
sign a treaty determining the southern border between Portugal and Spain
.
1272 King Alphonso III of Portugal eliminates the last Moorish
community in Portugal at Faro.
1283 The E codex of the Cantigas de Santa Maria, a collection of Portuguese
musical manuscripts, is dated to between 1280 and 1283.
1290 King Denis of Portugal
decrees that Portuguese be the official language
of Portugal, replacing classical Latin in that capacity.
1290 The University of Coimbra is founded in Lisbon
, Portugal by King Denis of Portugal
; it moves to Coimbra in 1308.
1294 England
and Portugal enter into the first iteration of the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, the oldest alliance in the world still in for
1308 Póvoa de Varzim (then Varazim), Portugal gains a foral from Denis of Portugal
1355 Portuguese
king Afonso IV sends three men to kill Ines de Castro, beloved of his son prince Pedro
- Pedro revolts and incites a civil war.
1357 Peter I
becomes King of Portugal after the death of his father, Alfonso IV
.
1367 Ferdinand I becomes King of Portugal after the death of his father, Peter I
.
1415 Portugal conquers the city of Ceuta
from the Moors, initiating the Portuguese Empire and Europe
an expansion and colonial era)
1418 The first Portuguese
settlers move to Madeira Islands.
1419 Portuguese
sea captains João Gonçalves Zarco and Tristão Vaz Teixeira, at the service of Prince Henry the Navigator
discover the Madeira islands
1433 The Ming dynasty in China
disbands their navy, altering the balance of power in the Indian Ocean, making it easier for Portugal and other Western naval powers to gain dominance over the seas.
1434 The Portuguese
reach Cape Bojador in Western Sahara
.
1444 Portuguese
explorers reach the mouth of the rivers Senegal
and Gambia.
1446 The Portuguese
reach Guinea-Bissau
.
1460 The first Portuguese
navigators reach the coast of modern Sierra Leone
.
1460 Treaty of Alcacovas - Portugal gives Castile
the Canary Islands
in exchange for claims in West Africa
1462 Settlers from Portugal begin to settle the Cape Verde
islands.
1470 First contact between Europeans and the Fante nation of the Gold Coast
when a party of Portuguese
landed and met with the King of Elmina. (See also History of Ghana.)
1472 Beginning of extensive slave trade in modern Cameroon
, as the Portuguese
sail up the Wuori River.
1472 Fernão do Po claims the central-African
islands Bioko and Annobón for Portugal.
1479 Christopher Columbus
- experienced mariner and successful trader in the thriving Genoese "ex-pat" community in Portugal, '''marries''' Felipa Perestrelo Moniz (Italian on her father's side) and receives no ordinary dowry''':''' Her late father's maps and papers charting the seas and winds around the Madeira Islands and other Portuguese possessions in the Ocean Sea.
1480 Treaty of Toledo - Ferdinand
and Isabella
of Spain
recognize Africa
n conquests of Afonso of Portugal and he cedes the Canary Islands
to Spain
1481 The papal ''Bull Aeterni regis'' had granted all land south of the Canaries to Portugal.
1482 Portuguese
erect the Fort of Sao Jorge de Mina near the mouth of River Benya
1482 Diogo Cão, a Portuguese
navigator, becomes the first European
to sail up the Congo.
1483 Isaac Abravanel flees Portugal after being implicated in a plot against the king.
1484 Portuguese
sea captain Diogo Cão finds the mouth of Congo River
1488 Bartolomeu Dias of Portugal lands in Mossel Bay after rounding the Cape of Good Hope
, at the tip of Africa
becoming the first known Europe
an to travel this far south.
1493 Pope Alexander VI
divides the New World
between Spain
and Portugal along the Demarcation Line.
1494 Spain
and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas which divides the New World
between the two countries.
1498 The Portuguese
sail up to the coasts of modern Tanzania
and Kenya
.
1500 Portuguese
navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral officially discovers Brazil
and claims the land for Portugal.
1500 Portuguese
navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral officially discovers Brazil
and claims the land for Portugal.
1502 Portuguese
explorers sailed into Guanabara Bay, Brazil
and mistook it for the mouth of a river which they named Rio de Janeiro
1502 Portuguese
discover island of St Helena.
1503 Vasco da Gama
established India
's first Portuguese
fortress at Cochin.
1505 Portuguese
under Dom Lourenço d'Almeida reach Colombo
, Sri Lanka | 
Timeline
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